7/10/2023 0 Comments Map roman arausio![]() Greek colonies were established in the plain of Campania, just south of Latium, and they introduced a new way of life based on towns and trade. In the eighth century BCE their rural way of life began to be effected by influences coming in from outside. They had come down into Italy from the north, like other Italic peoples, and had settled in small villages of thatched huts, sometime in the second millennium. In central Italy there is a plain on the west coast called Latium, which takes its name from the Latin people who lived there in the first millennium BCE. This was a period of cultural change, when the simple way of life of the peoples of central Italy was beginning to be affected by new influences from the eastern Mediterranean. The rise of the Roman Empire can be traced back to Italy of the eighth century BCE. Chronicle of the Roman Republic: The Rulers of Ancient Rome from Romulus to Augustus. In The Oxford Classical Dictionary (Fourth Edition) (p. Hornblower, S., Spawforth, A., & Eidinow, E. Papers of the British School at Rome, 37, 76-81. Retrieved from Coin Hoards and the Pattern of Violence in the Late Republic. New York, NY: Facts on File, Inc.Ĭrawford, M. While these military revamp measures benefited the Roman army for years to come, the horrible defeat at Arausio couldn’t have been forgotten, because “at that moment Rome was faced with complete extinction” (Cornell and Matthews, 1982, p. He altered the training, such as by having the soldiers practice fighting gladiator style, and adjusted “the Roman battle array to resist the barbarian assault” (Matyszak, 2003, p. This gave the new Roman consul Gaius Marius the chance to make reforms to the military, as he is well-known for (Matyszak, 2003, p. Luckily for the Romans, though, the barbarian hordes’ conquest took them west to Spain instead of east into Italy, where no Roman army would have been available to hold them back (Pethrus (Wikipedia), 2010). It was a clear sign that peace times in the empire would be few and far between, and that the oppressed peoples under Roman rule would be anything but submissive. The humiliating defeat at Arausio was an early example of unrest among the Germanic tribes, even before the empire had begun. As part of his punishment for attacking the Germanic army rather than trying to negotiate, as Mallius intended, Caepio’s wealth was seized, he lost all his power in the senate, and he was forced into exile. ![]() Apparently, Caepio had disregarded the authority of Mallius Maximus, “ to co-operate” with him, which “led to the disaster at Arausio” (Hornblower, et al, p. “Caepio, who had caused the defeat by his rashness, was convicted” (Lendering: Livy, Book 67). “According to Valerius Antias, 80,000 soldiers and 40,000 servants and camp followers of the Romans were slain at Arausio” (Lendering: Livy, Book 67). ![]() Arausio turned out to be more of a massacre that “left Italy at the mercy of the Germans” (Cornell and Matthews, 1982, p. The Roman army of around 80,000 men came out to meet them, being led by the consul Mallius Maximus and proconsul Quintus Servilius Caepio (Matyszak, 2003, p. Unfortunately for the Romans, the battle at Arausio was no different. This Germanic army, estimated at around 300,000 men, was marching from the north, crushing all opposition, and while they did suffer some losses, as the map shows, these were only minor setbacks to their cause (Matyszak, 2003, p. The image above shows the victories (green swords) and defeats (red swords) of the massive Cimbri and Teuton force that swept through Europe and Roman territory (Pethrus (Wikipedia), 2010). Map showing the warpath of the massive Germanic army.
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